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[[Convivial Tools]] are tools which allow the user to operate with independent efficiency. The term was coined by [[Ivan Illich]] in his book [[Tools for Conviviality]] (1973). | [[Convivial Tools]] are tools which allow the user to operate with independent efficiency. The term was coined by [[Ivan Illich]] in his book [[Tools for Conviviality]] (1973). | ||
| − | Illich's philosophy of Convivial Tools notably influenced [[Lee Felsenstein]], one of the hardware hackers who invented the personal computer. Felsenstein adopted in particular Illich's vision of tools that would be | + | Illich's philosophy of Convivial Tools notably influenced [[Lee Felsenstein]], one of the hardware hackers who invented the personal computer. Felsenstein adopted in particular Illich's vision of tools that would be developed and maintained by a community of users. This vision of community tool development has been embodied in several more recent movements, such as the [[Free and Open Source Software]] (FOSS), [[Open Design]] and [[Wiki]] movements. |
For encyclopedia-type articles about Convivial Tools, see the companion website the [http://conviviality.ouvaton.org Convivial Tools Encyclopedia]. | For encyclopedia-type articles about Convivial Tools, see the companion website the [http://conviviality.ouvaton.org Convivial Tools Encyclopedia]. | ||
