Difference between revisions of "Main Page"

When [[Ivan Illich]] wrote [[Tools for Conviviality]] in 1973, he was following on a long tradition of criticism of industrial technology and of proposal of alternatives. The [[Historical Roots]] of the idea of [[Convivial Tools]] extend at least as far back as the eighteenth century French Enlightenment and the philosophy of [[Jean-Jacques Rousseau]]. More recent precursors include twentieth-century figures such as [[Lewis Mumford]] and [[Jacques Ellul]]. And the [[Whole Earth]] and [[Appropriate Technology]] movements mentioned below, in fact appeared a few years ''before'' Illich wrote [[Tools for Conviviality]], and probably exercised significance influence on Illich's thinking.